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The
Indian subcontinent consists of a number of separate linguistic
communities each of which share a common language and culture.
The people of India speak many languages and dialects, which
are mostly varieties of about 15 principal languages.
Some Indian languages have a long literary history--Sanskrit
literature is more than 5,000 years old and Tamil 3,000. India
also has some languages that do not have written forms. There
are 18 officially recognized languages in India Assamese,
Bengali Gujarati Hindi
Kannada Kashmiri
Konkani
Malayalam Manipuri
Marathi
Nepali Oriya
Punjabi Sanskrit
Sindhi Tamil
Telugu Urdu
and each has produced a literature of great vitality and richness.
Languages
spoken in different states of India :
National
language - Hindi
Business language - English
Official language - Hindi & English
State Language Spoken
| State |
Language
Spoken |
| Andaman
& Nicobar Islands |
Andamanese |
| Andhra
Pradesh |
Telugu,
Hyderabad city - Telugu plus Urdu |
| Assam
|
Assamese,
others |
| Bihar
|
Hindi,
Bhojpuri, Maithini, Santhali, Angika, numerous others, Bengali,
Pred. Muslim - Urdu |
| Delhi
|
Hindi,
English & numerous others |
| Gujarat
|
Gujarati |
| Goa
|
Konkani |
| Haryana
|
Hindi,
Haryanvi |
| Himanchal
Pradesh |
Hindi,
Pahadi |
| Jammu
& Kashmir |
Dogri,
Kashmiri, Ladakhi, Punjabi, Urdu, Hindi, Baltistani, Dardi |
| Karnataka
|
Kannad |
| Kerala
|
Malayalam |
| Madhya
Pradesh |
Hindi,
numerous others, Muslim - Urdu |
| Maharashtra
|
Hindi
and Marathi |
| Meghalaya
|
Garo,
Khasi |
| Mizoram
|
Mizo |
| Nagaland
|
Naga |
| Orissa
|
Oriya |
| Punjab
|
Punjabi,
Hindi and Urdu |
| Rajasthan
|
Hindi,
Rajasthani, Marwadi and urdu |
| Sikkim
|
Nepali,
Lepcha, Bhutia |
| Tamil
Nadu |
Tamil |
| Tripura
|
Tripuri,
Bengali, Kuki |
| Uttar
Pradesh |
Hindi,
Brijbhasha, Pahadi, Avadhi, Bhojpuri,Urdu and numerous others. |
| West
Bengal |
Bengali |
Other
languages - Sindhi, Sanskrit
Vedic language - Sanskrit
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